Effect of Thymoquinone on skeletal muscle regeneration via assessment of Pax-7 and Myo-D expression in the DMBA-treated hamster pouch

Objective: Pax-7 and Myo-D regulate satellite cells’ activation differentiation, thus muscle regeneration following damage. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) on skeletal 7,12-dimethylbenz-(a)-anthracene (DMBA)-induced injury in hamster buccal pouch via immunohistochemical assessment expression. Material Methods: 65 male golden Syrian hamsters were divided into 3 groups: Group 1: (n=5) received no treatment. 2: (n=20) served as a positive control. The left pouches painted with carcinogen 3/week/ 6weeks. 3: (n=40) subdivided two equal sub-groups follows: 3a: given one i.p. TQ injection. 3b: injections. Five animals from each group (2 3) euthanized at 24, 48 hrs, one, weeks after last A blood sample ml) was withdrawn for TNF-alpha levels serum. Serial sections examined histologically (H&E), immunohistochemically (IHC) detection proteins. Results: double i.p injections resulted significant elevation level second-day post-injection progressive formation fibers (MFs) mononuclear cells (MNCs) around deeper vessels. At 14 days, statistically difference found between this ‘2’, while remained compared groups ‘1’ ‘3a’. more mature compact. IHC results showed expression perivascular both reactivity peripheral nuclei negative reaction control group. Conclusion: early had promising induction striated regeneration, mainly by non-myogenic stem cells. KEYWORDS Thymoquinone; Pax-7; Myo-D; Buccal pouch; Muscle regeneration.